The list of 16 priority areas of development of domestic science for the period up to 2030 includes 6 main scientific tasks related to the development of medical technologies. This research is aimed at increasing the life expectancy of a person while maintaining high performance and mental activity.
Among them:
1. Development of hybrid, biosimilar and artificial biomaterials, including for medical use (artificial tissues and organs).
2. Study of cognitive brain function, development of a set of measures to correct complex forms of depression and addictions, early diagnosis systems for Alzheimer's and Parkinson’s disease, recovery of physical activity of people with paralysis, rehabilitation of patients after strokes, injuries of the spinal cord and brain.
3. Development of cellular and regenerative medicine - creation of artificial tissues and organs - skin equivalents for chronic ulcers, psoriasis, burns, matrix scaffolds for the surgical treatment of patients with tracheal, lung, heart, liver, vascular lesions, and the cultivation of cell cultures that correct the disorders rhythm of the heart, replacing scars after a heart attack.
4. Improving the mechanisms of early diagnosis of cancer, cardiovascular, autoimmune and infectious diseases. Creation of test systems for determining age-related diseases, molecular passports of tumors, allowing to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment with expensive drugs, microchips for monitoring the effectiveness of vaccination and monitoring of donor blood.
5. Reducing the incidence and disability from obesity and diabetes. Determination of molecular genetic and neurohumoral markers, providing a reduction in the percentage of disability due to vascular complications of diabetes mellitus and hormone-active tumors, expanding the possibility of neonatal screening and the prediction of the diagnosis of sex formation disorders and chromosomal abnormalities
6. Creation of a national collection of experimental models of human pathologies and of a cryobank of biological materials that will help in the modeling of human diseases on animals, taking into account the ethnic characteristics of the genomes of Russian people.
The scientific and practical solution of the tasks is impossible without conducting experiments on animals, and the most important of them are those on laboratory primates. Development and testing of domestic vaccines and drugs, the solution to the problems of biosafety of the country also require an experimental phase.
The optimal structure of the experiments requires the involvement of monkeys in research whose evolutionary relationship and the anatomical and physiological similarity with people allows to consider the results obtained on them as the most reflective of those in humans and, accordingly, transferrable to them with minimal correction. The latter is especially significant for women as far as monkeys are the only representatives of the animal world having the same neuroendocrine regulation of physiological functions as women. Accordingly, testing of drugs to be used for pregnant women can be carried out only on monkeys.
The rhythm of life which is becoming more and more complicating requires research of “social” pathology of stressful people, neuroses, and related somatic “social” diseases (hypertension, coronary insufficiency, myocardial infarction, etc.). Using monkeys with a strict social hierarchy as experimental animals allows to solve many problems of prevention and treatment of a number of “social” diseases.
Fundamental and applied research of human infectious diseases, especially of those reproducible only in monkeys, provide an opportunity to test new vaccines, biologicals and their combinations.
Due to the fact that the overwhelming majority of scientific institutions of various departmental subordination actually can’t provide all the necessary conditions for keeping the monkeys and working with them it is advisable to concentrate the studies for the next 10-20 years in Adler on the basis of the Research Institute of Medical Primatology , with further creation of “The National Interdisciplinary Research Center”.
Among them:
1. Development of hybrid, biosimilar and artificial biomaterials, including for medical use (artificial tissues and organs).
2. Study of cognitive brain function, development of a set of measures to correct complex forms of depression and addictions, early diagnosis systems for Alzheimer's and Parkinson’s disease, recovery of physical activity of people with paralysis, rehabilitation of patients after strokes, injuries of the spinal cord and brain.
3. Development of cellular and regenerative medicine - creation of artificial tissues and organs - skin equivalents for chronic ulcers, psoriasis, burns, matrix scaffolds for the surgical treatment of patients with tracheal, lung, heart, liver, vascular lesions, and the cultivation of cell cultures that correct the disorders rhythm of the heart, replacing scars after a heart attack.
4. Improving the mechanisms of early diagnosis of cancer, cardiovascular, autoimmune and infectious diseases. Creation of test systems for determining age-related diseases, molecular passports of tumors, allowing to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment with expensive drugs, microchips for monitoring the effectiveness of vaccination and monitoring of donor blood.
5. Reducing the incidence and disability from obesity and diabetes. Determination of molecular genetic and neurohumoral markers, providing a reduction in the percentage of disability due to vascular complications of diabetes mellitus and hormone-active tumors, expanding the possibility of neonatal screening and the prediction of the diagnosis of sex formation disorders and chromosomal abnormalities
6. Creation of a national collection of experimental models of human pathologies and of a cryobank of biological materials that will help in the modeling of human diseases on animals, taking into account the ethnic characteristics of the genomes of Russian people.
The scientific and practical solution of the tasks is impossible without conducting experiments on animals, and the most important of them are those on laboratory primates. Development and testing of domestic vaccines and drugs, the solution to the problems of biosafety of the country also require an experimental phase.
The optimal structure of the experiments requires the involvement of monkeys in research whose evolutionary relationship and the anatomical and physiological similarity with people allows to consider the results obtained on them as the most reflective of those in humans and, accordingly, transferrable to them with minimal correction. The latter is especially significant for women as far as monkeys are the only representatives of the animal world having the same neuroendocrine regulation of physiological functions as women. Accordingly, testing of drugs to be used for pregnant women can be carried out only on monkeys.
The rhythm of life which is becoming more and more complicating requires research of “social” pathology of stressful people, neuroses, and related somatic “social” diseases (hypertension, coronary insufficiency, myocardial infarction, etc.). Using monkeys with a strict social hierarchy as experimental animals allows to solve many problems of prevention and treatment of a number of “social” diseases.
Fundamental and applied research of human infectious diseases, especially of those reproducible only in monkeys, provide an opportunity to test new vaccines, biologicals and their combinations.
Due to the fact that the overwhelming majority of scientific institutions of various departmental subordination actually can’t provide all the necessary conditions for keeping the monkeys and working with them it is advisable to concentrate the studies for the next 10-20 years in Adler on the basis of the Research Institute of Medical Primatology , with further creation of “The National Interdisciplinary Research Center”.